Survey of iconicity in signed and spoken languages 6. Chomskys contribution to cognitive psychology is also mentioned together with roschs and kay and mcdaniels research concerning categorization. Poetic iconicity thus also provides a means whereby the evaluation of a. This article argues with haiman in maintaining that iconicity is not to be. Metaphor and language evolution the evolution of symbols arbitrary associations come about when a conventional form is used creatively. Poetic iconicity is achieved when metaphorical schemas enable a poem to achieve, in susanne k. Accepting double articulation as an unchallengeable universal, john haiman argues that there is no constant correlation between submorphemic sounds and meanings.
The basis of our analysis is the recognition that metonymy, metaphor, and iconicity all represent mappings across domains within a conceptual system. The study of english in the age of cognitive science, by turner 1991. The treatment of metaphor and iconicity in an interrelated fashion will provide a more cohesive and integrated explanation of various linguistic phenomena. Iconicity and conceptual metaphor in military hand signals. Full text access special issue metaphor and iconicity, edited by masako k. Th is paper is an attempt to explore the meaning and signi. Iconicity is arguably pervasive in sign languages, and the challenge is to identify and explain when and why iconicity matters. There are various degrees in which metaphor and iconicity manifest themselves, ranging from sound symbolism and parallelism. It equates those two things not because they actually are the same, but for the sake of comparison or symbolism. Secondly, the analysis will demonstrate how the interplay of metaphor and iconicity is manifested in linguistic signs in general, and in poetic texts in particular. The interplay of metaphor and iconicity in grammar and. Indeed, even though signed languages have more iconic formmeaning mappings than spoken languages, examples of metaphoric iconicity can be observed in the lexical tones of mandarin. Iconic items can have concrete meanings and also abstract meanings through conceptual metaphors.
Phyllis perrin wilcox is a professor in the department of linguistics and director of the baccalaureate degree in signed language interpreting at the university of. Metaphorical iconicity mi peaks performance enhancement. Taub proposed the analoguebuilding model of linguistic iconicity to account for how iconic forms are created in both signed and spoken languages although we will focus here on signed language iconicity. Iconicity and metaphor in sign language poetry article pdf available in metaphor and symbol 272 april 2012 with 1,073 reads how we measure reads. A cognitive approach to analysing texts by masako k. Hiraga faculty of liberal arts, the university of the air, 211 wakaba, mihamaku, chiba city, 261, japan abstract the problem of iconicity has been a recurring theme in linguistic inquiry into the nature of the linguistic sign. Metaphor is at the core of the creative process of ostensiveinferential communication. Iconicity as structure mapping gallaudet university. Metaphor and iconicity a cognitive approach to analyzing texts. The linguistic expression of affective stance in yaminawa pano, peru neely, kelsey c.
Metaphoric iconicity in signed and spoken languages. However, hiraga 2005 explores in depth the interconnectedness between the two operations. Journal of pragmatics special issue metaphor and iconicity. She illustrates links between iconicity and metaphor using various literary texts. Lexicon sizeformmeaning overlap increases with lexicon size. Comprehensioniconic languages allow meanings to be guessed in the presence of noise, but they can lead to confusion when nearby competitors have. The preceding chapters chapters 15 deal with the interplay of metaphor and iconicity in the foregrounded case of poetic texts.
Metaphor and iconicity a cognitive approach to analyzing. Jun 26, 2018 taub 2001 elaborated on the relationship between iconicity and metaphor, and suggested an explicit model capturing the relationship between the two. Generative linguists have severely limited the influence of meaning, claiming that language is not affected by other cognitive processes and that. Pdf the role of metaphor in poetic iconicity margaret. Iconicity and metaphor in sign language poetry semantic scholar. An analysis of iconicity and metaphor in chinese characters. This framework also permits us to incorporate the form of signs, their phonological. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle.
Constraints on metaphorical extension of iconic forms irit meir language, volume 86, number 4, december 2010, pp. A metaphor is a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isnt literally true, but helps explain an idea or make a comparison. Traditionally, iconicity and metaphor in spoken languages have been treated separately because iconic expressions at the vocabulary level were seen to be very limited. Feb 26, 2001 iconic items can have concrete meanings and also abstract meanings through conceptual metaphors. Poetic iconicity thus also provides a means whereby the evaluation of a successful poem can be explained. Building on masako hiragas studies of metaphor and icon in poetry, i argue that metaphor is the bridge that connects image to diagram in peircean terms in order to create iconic emergent structure in the resulting blend. The list of such phenomena includes word formation, word order, grammaticalisation, semantic change, poetic discourse, signed languages and writing systems, as manifestations of the. Papers presented on the occasion of the 60th birthday of zoltan kovecses, 1275. Hiraga faculty of liberal arts, the university of the air, 2ll wakaha, mihamaku, chiba city, 261, japan abstract the problem of iconicity has been a recurring theme in linguistic inquiry into the nature of the linguistic sign. There are various degrees in which metaphor and iconicity manifest themselves, ranging from. The recent paper by irit meir of the university of haifa examines the interrelations between two notions that play an important role in language and communication, iconicity and metaphor. A field guide to poetic metaphor, by lakoff and turner 1989 and reading minds. Specifically, she suggests that the creation of an iconic sign is a process of mapping elements of form to elements of meaning.
Metaphor in american sign language proves an engrossing read for those interested in linguistics and deaf culture alike. A cognitive approach to analyzing texts metaphor and iconicity attempts to clarify the interplay of metaphor and iconicity. This paper surveys recent research, and offers a classification of diagrammatic and metaphorical iconicity in lan guage. This article explores a unique relationship between iconicity and metaphor. Nevertheless, the sample analyses aim to demonstrate that both types of iconicity are intertwined with the metaphorical structuring of the text to evoke the intended meaning effectively.
Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. When it does not and the speaker, fulfilling the imperative of the. But, if anything, metaphor sets the stage for iconicity, rather than the other way around. It will be claimed that there are two major types of manifestation. The role of metaphor in poetic iconicity by margaret h.
However, formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study. What we now call iconicity was until fairly recently restricted to mainly onomatopoeia. Meirs study says that the iconicity of a form may constrain the possible metaphorical extensions that the form might take. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. Pdf from metaphor to iconicity in a poetic text margaret. This paper thoroughly discusses a few hand signal examples from a us army rotc field manual and nonfiction military movietv show clips and provides systematic explanations of how iconicity and metaphor guide interlocutors to grasp the meanings conveyed by the signals as a nonverbal modality. Poetic iconicity iconicity is the means by which poetry creates the semblance of felt life. Sarah f taub what is the role of meaning in linguistic theory. Metaphors in cognitive linguistics attila imre the first part of the article offers an historical overview of metaphors, starting from aristotle and the classical definition of metaphor. The basic idea of structuremapping theory, developed by gentner and coworkers 5,6,16, is that in comparison processes such as understanding analogies or noticing similarities, there is a structural alignment between two current mental representations. Mi, which forms the basis for our proprietary coaching model, is premised on the principle that your life as you experience it today, with its successes and failures, is a combination of both the genetics of generations past and your past experiences from childhood.
Metaphor and iconicity attempts to clarify the interplay of metaphor and iconicity in the creation and interpretation of spoken and written texts from a cognitive perspective. Iconicity and metaphor in american sign language what is the role of meaning in linguistic theory. We use the idea of iconic superstructure to consider the way that metaphoric meaning is generated through the iconic properties of creative sign language. Metaphor definition in the cambridge english dictionary. Taub observed that the resemblance between a form and its meaning is not an objective fact, but is. Iconicity and metaphor in sign language poetry semantic. And the creation of an iconicmetaphorical sign is shaped by double mapping. Hiraga and joanna radwanskawilliams pages viiviii download pdf. Pdf this article explores a unique relationship between iconicity and metaphor. Ywndof elsevier journal of pragmatics 22 1994 521 diagrams and metaphors. The contribution of lexical overlap to perceived iconicity.
This article defines the nature of iconicity from a semiotic and linguistic point of view and discusses the three types of icons that form part of iconicity. Iconicity and metaphor in sign language poetry article pdf available. By focusing on a number of short japanese and english poems, these chapters were devoted to the demonstration of metaphoricon links and their complexity, both at the visual and the auditory levels, in their two basic manifestations. By focusing on a number of short japanese and english poems, these chapters were devoted to the demonstration of metaphor icon links and their complexity, both at the visual and the auditory levels, in their two basic manifestations. When the culture provides an image readymade, we have an expected metaphor. Lakoff and turner 1989 in various degrees of abstraction, from concrete attributive resemblance to abstract relational analogy. Since the everyday metaphor system is central to the understanding of poetic metaphor, we will begin with. Iconicity as structure mapping philosophical transactions.
322 720 1537 894 1193 1346 944 183 758 1163 191 256 1305 1534 1323 1462 175 881 737 580 1435 777 1174 1177 80 1271 740 472 776 722 1359 367 1066 1354